(www.MaritimeCyprus.com) In a significant move for the dry bulk sector, INTERCARGO has officially released the first edition of the ‘Ship to Ship (STS) Transfer Guidelines for Bulk Carriers.’ this publication represents the first time dry cargo stakeholders have established a dedicated framework for STS operations, filling a long-standing regulatory gap.
Bridging the Gap: Dry Bulk vs. Tanker Operations
While tanker operators have utilized harmonized STS standards since the mid-20th century (with the latest ICS/OCIMF/SIGTTO/CDI guidelines updated in 2025), the dry bulk industry has historically lacked a unified approach.
The rise in bulk STS transfers, driven by port congestion and supply chain demands, has necessitated specific guidance to manage unique risks that liquid cargo guidelines do not cover.
Key Challenges in Bulk STS Transfers
Bulk carrier operations involve physical complexities that require specialised management:
Stability & Trimming: Managing cargo shifts and vessel balance during transfer.
Environmental Impact: Controlling dust emissions and preventing cargo spillage.
Mechanical Coordination: High-risk maneuvering of grabs and conveyor systems between two moving vessels.
Human Factors: Increased reliance on manual coordination compared to closed-loop liquid transfers.
Alignment with RightShip RiSQ (Chapter 17)
The new guidelines are designed to work in tandem with the RightShip Risk Inspection Questionnaire (RiSQ). Specifically, Chapter 17 (Cargo and Ballast Operations) sets high expectations for safety that these new guidelines help operators meet:
| RiSQ Reference | Requirement |
| Q17.1 & Q17.2 | Mandatory documented procedures for non-routine activities (STS). |
| Q17.3 | Site-specific and operation-specific risk assessments. |
| Q17.5 & Q17.6 | Crew competency and specialized training in cargo handling. |
| Q17.8 | Formalized communication protocols between vessels and third parties. |
| Q17.10 | Robust contingency planning and emergency response readiness. |
Structure of the New Guidelines
The manual is organized into seven comprehensive chapters to ensure safety from planning to completion:
- Basic Principles & Requirements
Planning and Preparedness
Safety, Security, and Environmental Protection
Maneuvering and Mooring/Unmooring
Operations Alongside (Cargo and Personnel Transfer)
Emergency Procedures
Operational Checklists
Critical Highlights for Operators
New Roles: Introduction of specialized positions such as STS Superintendent and Transshipment Master.
Dual-Stage Risk Assessment: Focuses on both the Transfer Location (environmental conditions) and the Engaged Ships (structural and system hazards).
Fender Management: Practical guidance on the selection and deployment of high-pressure fenders.
Personnel Transfer: Dedicated safety protocols for moving crew between vessels, often the most hazardous part of the operation.
Action Plan for Shipowners and Managers
To ensure compliance and enhance safety, dry bulk operators should take the following steps:
Update SMS: Integrate INTERCARGO guidelines into the company’s Safety Management System.
Develop STS Manuals:Â Ship-Specific STS Transfer Plans that bridge the gap between generic guidance and vessel-specific hardware.
Crew Training: Conduct drills and training sessions focused on the six new mandatory checklists, ranging from compatibility assessments to unmooring.
Due Diligence: Use the optional Checklist #6 to vet third-party STS service providers.
The Bottom Line: As STS transfers become a staple of global dry bulk trade, adopting these structured, risk-based guidelines is no longer optional—it is essential for vetting success and operational safety.
Source:Â Intercargo
